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NBDK-L4:基础实验教程

添加24,635字节2019年3月4日 (一) 13:56
无编辑摘要
''<span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span><span class="tlid-translation-gender-indicator translation-gender-indicator"></span>''
=== 硬件设计 ===
选择STM32L4引脚PA9和PA10作为串口,当我们将拨码开关SW1拨到USB一端时,此串口通过CH340芯片转成USB接口,用于同PC端做一些串口数据通信。选择STM32L4: PA4:LCD_CS,TFT屏SPI控制接口CS引脚  PA5:SPI_SCK,TFT屏SPI控制接口SCK引脚 PA6:SPI_MISO,TFT屏SPI控制接口MISO引脚 PA7:SPI_MOSI,TFT屏SPI控制接口MOSI引脚 PB0:LCD_BLED,TFT屏背光控制引脚[[文件:NBDK-SCH-UART-USBTFT.png|边框|居中|无框|707x707像素778x778像素]]
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=== 实验准备 ===
# 将SW1拨到USB端,SW2拨到MCU。
# 使用Keil打开基础实验的实验13-TFT显示屏。
# 使用Xshell打开miniUSB虚拟出的COM口
# 下载程序,并完成功能测试。
== 实验14-二维码显示 ==
二维码显示实验,是在TFT彩屏实验的基础上,新增了二维码生产的部分。此实验仅供大家参考,我们没有进行深入的二维码协议了解,所以有关二维码部分不做介绍。
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=== 硬件设计 ===
选择STM32L4:
 
PA4:LCD_CS,TFT屏SPI控制接口CS引脚
 
PA5:SPI_SCK,TFT屏SPI控制接口SCK引脚
 
PA6:SPI_MISO,TFT屏SPI控制接口MISO引脚
 
PA7:SPI_MOSI,TFT屏SPI控制接口MOSI引脚
 
PB0:LCD_BLED,TFT屏背光控制引脚
[[文件:NBDK-SCH-TFT.png|边框|居中|无框|778x778像素]]
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=== 实验准备 ===
# 使用miniUSB线及10pin排线,通过Jlink仿真器连接PC端和开发板。
# 使用miniUSB线,连接PC与开发板USB接口。
# 将SW1拨到USB端,SW2拨到MCU。
# 使用Keil打开基础实验的实验14-TFT显示屏。
# 下载程序,并完成功能测试。
 
=== 实验验证 ===
下载完成后,我们按下S1按键,可以看到显示屏上打印一个二维码,使用微信扫描二维码,会弹出"www.iotxx.com"。
 
=== 源码详解 ===
本节中的源码说明,仅针对此例程中的重要功能,详细的源码介绍请大家参照代码后的注释。
 
==== stm32l4xx_hal_conf.h ====
此文件位于“实验14-二维码显示\Inc”路径中,主要用途是选择使能此例程使用到的库文件。
 
此例程我们主要给大家展示STM32L4驱动TFT显示屏,使用的是SPI接口,所以我们使能SPI的宏定义。<syntaxhighlight lang="c" line="1" start="103">
#define HAL_MODULE_ENABLED // 芯片
#define HAL_FLASH_MODULE_ENABLED // Flash
#define HAL_PWR_MODULE_ENABLED // 电源
#define HAL_RCC_MODULE_ENABLED // 时钟
#define HAL_CORTEX_MODULE_ENABLED // NVIC
 
#define HAL_GPIO_MODULE_ENABLED // GPIO
#define HAL_DMA_MODULE_ENABLED // DMA
#define HAL_UART_MODULE_ENABLED // UART
#define HAL_SPI_MODULE_ENABLED // SPI
</syntaxhighlight>
 
==== main.c ====
main函数,我们的例程由此处开始执行,首先调用HAL_Init()函数初始化我们的模块,接着调用SystemClock_Config()函数初始化此例程用到的时钟,具体有哪些时钟被初始化,在gyu_util.c部分有详细说明。
 
接下来我们初始化串口和按键相关,按键用于展示TFT显示的功能(串口未使用,之前的工程集成下来的)。
 
然后我们分别初始化了驱动TFT工作的软硬件部分,也就是硬件的SPI以及软件的GUI(图形管理,这边只是指的TFT打印的)。并且打印字符串“*QR CODE SHOW*”。
 
在while()循环中我们检测是否有按键按下,如果有,则调试对应的功能。
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="c++" line="1" start="64">
int main(void)
{
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
// 重置所有外设、flash界面以及系统时钟
HAL_Init();
// 配置系统时钟(包含振荡器、系统时钟、总线时钟等等)
SystemClock_Config();
// 初始化按键
MX_KEY_Init();
// 按键回调函数初始化
KEY_RegisterCb(AppKey_cb);
// 初始化USART1
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
// LCD SPI初始化
LCD_GPIO_Init(); // LCD IO控制引脚(例如背光)
MX_SPI1_Init(); // LCD SPI控制引脚
// GUI界面初始化
GUI_Init();
GUI_SetColor(GUI_LightGreen);
GUI_DispString("*QR CODE SHOW*");
while (1)
{
KEY_Poll();
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>按键回调函数,如果按下UP(S1)按键,我们调用二维码处理的函数,最终在TFT彩屏上打印二维码。微信扫描二维码,会弹出"www.iotxx.com"字样。<syntaxhighlight lang="c++" line="1" start="105">
void AppKey_cb(uint8_t key)
{
HAL_LED_Blink(100,20,1);
if(key & KEY_UP)
{
QRcode *qrcode; //2D Code
qrcode= QRcode_encodeString("www.iotxx.com",2, QR_ECLEVEL_L, QR_MODE_8,1);
GUI_DispStringAtCL("2D Code Showing",0,72,GUI_Context.colorInfo.bkColor);
GUI_DispString("\r\nVersion=2");
 
int XPOSI = 120 - qrcode->width;
int YPOSI = 156 - qrcode->width;
 
for(int y = 0; y < qrcode->width ; y++)
{
for(int x = 0 ; x < qrcode->width ; x++)
{
if(qrcode->data[ y * qrcode->width + x ] & 0x01)
{
//放大一倍
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI +(x<<1),YPOSI + (y << 1) + 0, GUI_Crimson);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1)+1,YPOSI +(y << 1) + 0,GUI_Crimson);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1),YPOSI +(y << 1) + 1, GUI_Crimson);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1)+1,YPOSI +(y << 1) + 1,GUI_Crimson);
}
else
{
//放大一倍
//LCD_DrawPixel(x,y,GUI_DEFAULT_BKCOLOR);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1),YPOSI +(y << 1) + 0, GUI_DEFAULT_BKCOLOR);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1) +1,YPOSI +(y << 1) + 0,GUI_DEFAULT_BKCOLOR);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1),YPOSI +(y << 1) + 1, GUI_DEFAULT_BKCOLOR);
LCD_DrawPixel(XPOSI + (x<<1)+1,YPOSI +(y << 1) + 1,GUI_DEFAULT_BKCOLOR);
}
}
}
QRcode_free(qrcode);
}
if(key & KEY_RIGHT)
{
//
}
if(key & KEY_DOWN)
{
//
}
if(key & KEY_LEFT)
{
//
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
 
==== gui.c等 ====
TFT驱动文件,请大家查看[http://doc.iotxx.com/%E8%B0%B7%E9%9B%A8%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E 谷雨显示接口原理说明]。
 
==== qrencode.c等 ====
二维码部分不做介绍。
== 实验15-RNG随机发生器 ==
510
个编辑